Commit Graph

196 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Jiri Kortus
481f33b898 Add test for passing custom option on kernel command line
Related: rhbz#1688335
2019-05-13 15:31:27 +03:00
Jiri Kortus
0980ddfc54 Use verify_image function as a helper for generic tests
Related: rhbz#1704209
2019-05-13 15:31:27 +03:00
Alexander Todorov
1bf7708830 Change [[modules]] to [[packages]] in tests
> bcl: this should really be [[packages]] since [[modules]] is
> going to change to actual modules at some point

Related: rhbz#1698366
2019-05-07 19:19:27 +03:00
Alexander Todorov
83707bfa06 Add new test to verify compose paths exist
because they are mentioned in the official documentation

Related: rhbz#1698366
2019-05-07 19:19:27 +03:00
Alexander Todorov
ff7d7c2d49 Add new sanity tests for blueprints
- verify SemVer .patch number will be automatically updated when
  we push the blueprint a second time without changing version
- verify show displays the content in TOML format and it matches
  what is on disk. Because of that also start with empty packages
  and groups fields in the initial toml. If they are missing they
  will be added automatically by lorax-composer and this simplifies
  the test
- verify delete works

Related: rhbz#1698366
2019-05-07 19:19:27 +03:00
Brian C. Lane
41d822f754 tests: Add a test for using [[customizations]] with [customizations.kernel]
Make sure this is really fixed by running the template tests with both
variations. NOTE: [customizations] is the correct form. An early
documentation bug led to both being accepted.

Related: rhbz#1688335
2019-04-29 16:01:30 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
0b8a5ac87c lorax-composer: pass customization.kernel append to extra_boot_args
This allows iso builds to include the extra kernel boot parameters by
passing them to the arch-specific live/*tmpl template.

Also adds tests to make sure it is written to config.toml in the build
metadata.

Resolves: rhbz#1688335
2019-04-29 10:41:57 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
9cebd1ddaf lorax-composer: Add the ability to append to the kernel command-line
Sometimes it is necessary to modify the kernel command-line of the
image, this adds support for a [customizations.kernel] section to the
blueprint:

[customizations.kernel]
append = "nosmt=force"

This will be appended to the kickstart's bootloader --append argument.

Includes tests for modifying the bootloader line, the kickstart
template, and examining the final-kickstart.ks created for a compose.

Related: rhbz#1688335
2019-04-29 10:41:57 -07:00
Jiri Kortus
5b45593f3c Add test for starting compose with deleted blueprint
Related: rhbz#1683442
2019-04-24 14:14:40 +03:00
Brian C. Lane
a81964a603 lorax-composer: Return UnknownBlueprint errors when using deleted blueprints
Reading a blueprint wasn't checking to see if it had been deleted so it
was returning the most recent commit before it had been deleted. This
allowed things like starting a compose with a blueprint that technically
doesn't exist.

One exception to this is the /changes/ route, it must be available so
that you can use the commit hash to undo a delete.

This also adds tests for the various operations.

(cherry picked from commit d32f477e0b)

Resolves: rhbz#1683442
2019-04-22 10:17:25 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
2eb4437159 lorax-composer: Delete workspace copy when deleting blueprint
Also extends the blueprint delete test to also check the workspace.

(cherry picked from commit 26bd2c1378)

Related: rhbz#1683442
2019-04-22 10:16:40 -07:00
Jan Stodola
73de195334 Use existing storage account
To avoid creating a new storage account for every new VM.

Related: rhbz#1673012
2019-04-22 15:57:07 +03:00
Jan Stodola
fabf428f00 Record date/time of VM creation
Related: rhbz#1673012
2019-04-22 15:57:07 +03:00
Chris Roberts
2ebf60f28d Update datastore for VMware testing
Cluster and Network changed due to new hardware in RDU2 DC

Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-04-18 10:35:53 +03:00
Jiri Kortus
6fb94326e7 Fixes for locked root account test
Fixes related to a few issues in the locked root account test I somehow
managed to overlook in the initial commit.

Related: rhbz#1687595
2019-04-09 18:54:03 +03:00
Jiri Kortus
277d391f01 Add checks for disabled root account
The root account checks are applied to generated and deployed images
to make sure that root account is locked, except for live ISO.

Related: rhbz#1687595
2019-03-29 15:22:57 +02:00
Jiri Kortus
5d6446a7bd 'compose info' is 'compose details' on RHEL-7
Add the correct composer-cli command 'compose details' in places
where 'compose info' was still used on RHEL-7
(see commit 808454b561)

Related: rhbz#1687595
2019-03-29 14:44:53 +02:00
Chris Roberts
c6e8befe21 Update some grammer issues in the test Bash scripts
Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-03-22 12:15:38 +02:00
Chris Roberts
48a28e0950 Update datastore for VMware testing
Datastore switched from NFS to iSCSI

Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-03-22 12:11:56 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
64baf7c147 Allow overriding $CLI outside test scripts
this will allow you to test against installed RPM like so:

    # export CLI="/usr/bin/composer-cli"
    # make test_images

If you already have lorax-composer running then you can directly
execute test scripts:

    # ./tests/cli/test_build_and_deploy_aws.sh

Related: rhbz#1687595
2019-03-15 11:02:00 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
4fb3e42a70 New test: Build live-iso and boot with KVM
explicitly enables sshd for live-iso during testing

Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-03-04 22:08:43 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
561302a30a New test: Build qcow2 compose and test it with QEMU-KVM
Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-02-27 21:46:44 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
c24ad2fed7 New test: Verify tar images with Docker and systemd-nspawn
- on some arches (also Fedora x86_64) systemd-nspawn may not be
  available
- delete composes from other tests in rlPhaseStartCleanup because
  we're seeing the tar compose kind of hanging in Jenkins and that
  test script is executed last so the slave may be running out of
  disk space. Be a good citizen and clean up after the previous
  tests.

Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-02-27 21:46:44 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
41e3f8fecb Update OpenStack flavor and network settings in tests
b/c we've migrated to Upshift we must use different instance type,
specify the desired network to connect to and update how we get
the ip address of the launched VM.

Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-02-27 21:46:44 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
44a79a8a6b Install ansible and openstacksdk inside virtualenv
otherwise we get a conflict with python-ipaddress which is a
dependency of python2-pip and can't really be removed!

Installing from RPM is also a no-go b/c openstacksdk is
not available in EPEL 7. OTOH the RDO repositories which
OpenStack recommends have older version (0.11) and ansible wants
0.12 or later!

Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-02-27 21:46:44 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
2f51fcfb8b Remove python-requests, python-dateutil and pyOpenSSL
b/c they conflict with the modules coming from pip and
prevent azure/ansible installation

Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-02-27 21:46:44 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
5adde2671e Add /usr/local/bin to PATH for tests
pip will install commands there and later scripts will not be able
to find them.

Related rhbz#1656105
2019-02-27 21:46:44 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
9c0f34c0ab Do not generate journal.xml from beakerlib
bacause this requires additional Python modules and we don't
really use it!

Related: rhbz#1656105
2019-02-27 21:46:44 +02:00
Jan Stodola
cd1f26d4e7 Expand parameters as separate words
Related rhbz#1656105
2019-02-27 21:46:44 +02:00
Brian C. Lane
ade25f34b3 Remove duplicate repositories from the sources list
In some cases when the host has, for whatever reason, multiple copies of
the same repo listed the build may fail with an error about running out
of space.

So this commit removes duplicate entries after the host's repos have been
loaded. It also adjusts some of the test repos to use different
temporary repo names for the tests.

Resolves: rhbz#1664128
2019-02-21 09:19:30 -08:00
Brian C. Lane
3e5e8b9f1d Remove unneeded else from for/else loop. It confuses pylint
(cherry picked from commit 2950f2641b)

Related: rhbz#1666517
2019-02-19 14:13:32 -08:00
David Shea
252c9f6226 Allow customizations to be specified as a toml list
Support both

  [customizations]
  hostname = "whatever"

and

  [[customizations]]
  hostname = "whatever"

in the blueprint data. The [[ syntax matches the other customization
directives (user, group, sshkey), and as such it's easy to accidentally
use it for the hostname without even realizing it's specifying something
different.

Add some tests for converting customizations to kickstarts.

(cherry picked from commit 35ab6a1336)

Resolves: rhbz#1666517
2019-02-19 14:04:43 -08:00
Jiri Kortus
56d0e704c0 Make sure compose build tests run with SELinux in enforcing mode
Related: rhbz#1654795
2019-02-06 13:59:17 +01:00
Brian C. Lane
47fd6e85b2 Add tests for metapackages and package name globs
This makes sure that depsolving shim installs the shim-* package, and
that depsolving grub2-efi-*-cdboot installs a specific -cdboot package.

Related: rhbz#1641601
2019-01-24 09:57:08 -08:00
Alexander Todorov
2ac027c78b Upgrade pip & setuptools b/c they are rather old
and sometimes Python dependencies fail to install with:

SetuptoolsOutdatedWarning: your setuptools is too old (<12)
2019-01-09 10:55:58 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
177e62a896 Workaround openstacksdk dependency issue
See:
fd61b54679 (diff-b4ef698db8ca845e5845c4618278f29a)

Note: may also affect master/rhel8-branch but haven't seen it
so far. For master we can do:

	dnf install ansible python3-openstacksdk

Not so easy on RHEL 7
2018-12-20 10:55:04 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
7143456043 On Python 2 Azure needs the futures module
this will prevent
ImportError: No module named concurrent.futures

see
https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python/issues/2166
2018-12-20 10:55:04 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
d63de76cb3 On RHEL 7 we have Python 2, not Python 3 2018-12-20 10:55:04 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
5dc19500ad On RHEL 7 we have yum instead of dnf 2018-12-20 10:55:04 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
808454b561 On RHEL 7 compose info is compose details 2018-12-20 10:55:04 +02:00
Brian C. Lane
dccd283dd2 Disable pylint errors with Flask and gevent
pylint has trouble with Flask response objects, thinking they are tuples
and returning no-member errors. It also doesn't recognize gevent.socket
members like AF_UNIX.
2018-12-20 10:55:04 +02:00
Alexander Todorov
f8137b94db Backport cloud image tests from master 2018-12-20 10:55:04 +02:00
Brian C. Lane
b449d1cd81 Change yaps_to_module to proj_to_module
It now gets a project dict instead of a yum object, so change it to use
the dict's "name" and update the tests.

Related: rhbz#1657055
2018-12-07 14:41:23 -08:00
Brian C. Lane
0e54983be8 lorax-composer: Handle packages with multiple builds
When the repository has multiple arches, eg. i686 and x86_64, it should
add a new entry to the project's builds list, not create a new project
in the list.

This handles that by adding a modified insort_left function and
examining the packages returned from dnf to make sure they aren't
already listed in the results. It also handles adding them in sorted
order so that no further sorting needs to be done on the results.

Resolves: rhbz#1657055
(cherry picked from commit 663a0dcd73)
2018-12-07 14:10:54 -08:00
Brian C. Lane
72bd52e061 lorax-composer: Check the queue and results at startup
If the system ran out of space, or was rebooted unexpectedly, the state
of the queue symlinks, or the results STATUS files may be inconsistent.
This checks them and:
 * Removes broken symlinks from queue/new and queue/run
 * Removes symlinks from run and sets the build to FAILED
 * Sets builds w/o a STATUS to FAILED
 * Sets builds with STATUS of RUNNING to FAILED
 * Creates missing queue/new symlinks to results with STATUS of WAITING

So, any builds that were running during the reboot will be FAILED, and
any that were waiting to be started will be started upon rebooting.

Resolves: rhbz#1657054
(cherry picked from commit f0bac40d7f)
2018-12-07 13:48:10 -08:00
Brian C. Lane
e1d2e168ed Add an openstack image type
This is a qcow2 image with cloud-init in the template.

(cherry picked from commit 98f8b23129)

Resolves: rhbz#1656105
2018-12-07 13:59:45 -05:00
David Shea
4862eccd88 Add a vmdk compose type.
This is similar to the AMI type, but also adds open-vm-tools and does not do
anything special to the partitioning

(cherry picked from commit 1056bfc25b)

Resolves: rhbz#1656105
2018-12-07 13:59:45 -05:00
David Shea
202814ae9d Add a vhd compose type for Azure images
This is similar to the AMI compose type, with a handful of additional
changes specific to Azure:

* Add waagent (but leave NetworkManager enabled, despite some of the
  docs)
* Disable cloud-init
* Add Hyper-V modules into initrams.

Fixes specific for RHEL:

* Create ifcfg-eth0 required by waagent.
* Install python3 and net-tools required by waagent.

Recommended changes:

* Use recommended kernel boot args.
* Disable kdump.

(cherry picked from commit e0c236ff36)
(cherry picked from commit da0435bc90)
(cherry picked from commit b594fa99bc)

Resolves: rhbz#1656105
2018-12-07 13:59:45 -05:00
David Shea
61d4353bc7 Add an ami compose type for AWS images
This differs from lmc's --make-ami in that creates a full disk image instead of
an fsimage. Create a raw disk image with a / and /boot partitions, and enable
sshd, chronyd, and cockpit by default.

(cherry picked from commit 18188bf6cf)
(cherry picked from commit 81d38b6445)

Resolves: rhbz#1656105
2018-12-07 13:59:45 -05:00
Brian C. Lane
0f130dd91c Add a test for repo metadata expiration
This tests to make sure that the metadata timer is working (by setting
it to 10s and adding a new package to the repo), and that
YumLock.lock_check immediately picks up a new package.

This depends on rpmfluff which is available from Fedora or EPEL repos.

Related: rhbz#1632962
2018-10-01 13:37:44 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
f8f49159ad Add a version glob test forprojects_depsolve_with_size
Resolves: rhbz#1628114
2018-10-01 11:09:20 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
956b29eb64 Add tests for setting root password and ssh key with blueprints
Related: rhbz#1626120
2018-09-28 15:21:11 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
2a85694c9b Fix depsolve version globbing
The blueprint version glob was being applied to the whole package NEVRA
by yum (it lacks a separate API for just globbing versions), so this
implements that in filterVersionGlob using fnmatchcase on the package
names, and the yum package verGT comparison on the versions for the
selected package.

Also includes tests.

Resolves: rhbz#1628114
2018-09-19 08:19:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
2e6f5fdf71 Add tests for limit=0 routes
Passing ?limit=0 to the blueprints/list, blueprints/changes,
projects/list, modules/list should always return the total possible
results, not 0.

Also move the composer-cli test_diff to the end so that it will work
consistently. Do this by naming it test_z_diff.
2018-08-23 16:17:33 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
8dd6096f5e Fix tests related to blueprint name changes 2018-08-21 15:08:58 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
3a3f358f9b Add 'example' to the example blueprint names 2018-08-21 14:02:30 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
a00b009f77 Add a pylorax.api.version number
lorax-composer is in a different package than lorax, so we need to use
its version number not lorax's when reporting the API /status/
2018-08-21 12:10:01 -07:00
David Shea
587f05e551 Add tests for /compose/status filter arguments 2018-08-10 10:18:27 -04:00
Chris Lumens
4cb15e0a0f Fix more tests.
These were broken due to me rebasing before sending a PR off.  They
should work now.
2018-08-09 16:11:32 -04:00
Chris Lumens
b3bb438254 Add error IDs to things that can go wrong when running a compose.
Note the exception string checking around compose_type.  I didn't really
want to introduce a new exception type just for this, but also didn't
want to duplicate strings.  I'd be open to other suggestions for how to
do this.
2018-08-09 16:11:32 -04:00
Chris Lumens
a925cc7ddb Add error IDs for when an unknown blueprint is requested.
This adds some fairly redundant code to the beginning of all the
blueprint routes to attempt reading a commit from git for the
blueprint's recipe.  If it succeeds, the blueprint exists and the route
can continue.  Otherwise, return an error.  Hopefully this doesn't slow
things down too much.
2018-08-09 16:11:32 -04:00
Chris Lumens
6497b4fb65 Add error IDs for when an unknown build UUID is requested.
Note that this also changes the return type of uuid_info to return None
when an unknown ID is given.  The other uuid_* functions are fine
because they are checked ahead of time.
2018-08-09 16:11:32 -04:00
Brian C. Lane
eda5c9bde1 Add a test for the pylorax.api.timestamp functions 2018-08-07 10:51:06 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
86d79cd8a6 Add input string checks to the branch and format arguments
Make sure no UTF8 characters are allowed and return an error if they
are.

Also includes tests to make sure the correct error is returned.
2018-08-06 14:21:24 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
74f5def3d4 Add a test for invalid characters in the API route
Currently the code is not UTF8 safe, so we need to return a clear error
when invalid characters are passed in.

This also adds tests for the routes to confirm that an error is
correctly returned.
2018-08-06 13:24:24 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
3fd5e50c80 Use the first enabled system repo for the test 2018-07-27 17:25:06 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
26df083bd4 Show more details when the system repo delete test fails
Works fine for me locally, but not in Travis for some reason so let's
get more info.
2018-07-27 15:47:22 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
7700ae3135 Add composer-cli function tests
These depend on there being a freshly installed lorax-composer API
server running, if there is no /run/weldr/api.socket they will be
skipped.
2018-07-26 18:12:02 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
eeae331ba0 Add a test library
This adds empty __init__.py to tests so that a lib.py library of helper
functions can be imported from the tests.

Add captured_output to use with composer-cli tests to capture stdout/err
output from the functions.
2018-07-26 18:12:02 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
638fdb49cb Adjust the tests so they will pass on CentOS7 and RHEL7
Also pulls the name of a system repo from /etc/yum.repos.d/ instead of
hard-coding 'base' in there.
2018-07-26 15:06:05 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
35fa067219 Modify handle_api_result so it can be used in more places
Some results have errors and no status, others have status and errors.
Update the function to return the final rc to exit with, and a bool
indicating whether or not to continue processing the other fields.

Add a bunch of tests for the new function to make sure I have the logic
correct.
2018-07-25 17:30:50 -07:00
Chris Lumens
ab0655d5a9 Add group-based tests. 2018-07-12 17:31:56 -04:00
Chris Lumens
5fe4b47072 Include groups in depsolving.
This adds a new argument to projects_depsolve and
projects_depsolve_with_size that contains the group list, unfortunately.
I would have prefered adding a function that just returns a list of all
the contents of a group and then add that to what was being passed into
projects_depsolve.  However, there does not appear to be any good way to
do that in yum aside from a lot of grubbing around in the comps object,
which I am unwilling to do.
2018-07-12 17:31:44 -04:00
Chris Lumens
0f69d2084c Add support for groups to blueprints.
Nothing is currently being done with this information, but it will be
soon.
2018-07-12 17:31:44 -04:00
Brian C. Lane
d692a7dddd Check the compose templates at startup
Depsolve the packages included in the templates and report any errors
using the /api/status 'msgs' field. This should help narrow down
problems with package sources not being setup correctly.
2018-07-12 09:25:22 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
3cfb895054 Use yum.add_enable_repo() for new repos
Yum needs to have some other attrs setup on the YumRepository object, so
use the function provided to ensure that everything is correct. Also
switch the related functions to use a dict instead of a YumRepository
object.
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
2e95b56508 Fix DNF related issues with source selection
yum TumRepository.dump() function cannot be used as a .repo file Add a
new function to write this in the correct format, and limited to the
fields we use.

Add a test for the new function.

Fix /projects/source/info to return an error 400 if a nonexistant TOML
source is requested. If JSON is used the error is part of the standard
response.

Update test_server.py to check for the correct error code.
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
3f7997d7ae Fix handling bad source repos and add a test
When adding a source failed it wasn't being removed from the dnf object.
This fixes that, and returns an error when setting up the source fails.
Also adds a test for it.
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
f1000b448d Make sure new sources show up in the source/list output
Also remove an unneeded makedirs from test_server.py
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
33c84331fe Add support for user defined package sources API
This lives under /api/v0/projects/source/*

See the documentation for details
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
b99d8d7f6b Add support for version globs to blueprints
You can use '*' wildcards and '?' for single character matching.
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
050f87168a Skip creating groups with the same name as a user
Otherwise the user creation fails when anaconda sees there is already a
group with that name. Log a warning and continue on.

(cherry picked from commit a363aee971)
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
5b7b37860a Add user and group creation to blueprint
[[customizations.user]] and [[customizations.group]]
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
ccafa76019 Add blueprint customization support for hostname and ssh key
This adds support for the optional blueprint section [customizations].

Use it like this:

[customizations]
hostname = yourhostnamehere

[[customizations.sshkey]]
user = root
key = root user key
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
85f365bd73 Sort the list of supported output types 2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
1fc7cff52b Add some tests for error conditions. 2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
520439a7c4 Move status to /api/status
Also drops /api/v0/test, and redirects / to /api/docs/

db and schema are fixed at 0 since lorax-composer uses yum, not the bdcs
metadata.db
2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
0d7e1dacfd Update the path for the test blueprints 2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
5efeb05aa7 Update composer-cli to use blueprint instead of recipe 2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
8c65257a5a Update the tests for the recipe -> blueprint change 2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
c22d05032e Change the tests for /recipes/ routes to /blueprints/ 2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
47a3980b12 Fix some pylint warnings 2018-06-11 16:54:59 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
6560cc6f27 Fix the prettyDiffEntry test so that it fails correctly 2018-06-11 16:54:58 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
1a4a4defcc Make sure lorax-composer tests only use temporary directories
It was using /var/tmp/composer/, now it places everything under a
temporary directory that is removed when it is finished.
2018-06-11 16:54:58 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
597c19466e Add some tests for composer-cli
These tests a fairly minimal, testing things that can be tested without
setting up a full API server.
2018-06-11 16:54:58 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
d2f784e5da Add composer-cli utility and implement the recipes commands
composer-cli --help shows the commands.
Output defaults to human readable, but raw json can be displayed by
passing --json
2018-06-11 16:54:58 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
0ea4eb5206 Fix epoch to ouput an int instead of a str
Also updates the tests.
2018-06-11 16:54:58 -07:00
Brian C. Lane
74326ba7a3 Fix a problem with diff/NEWEST/WORKSPACE
If there is no WORKSPACE yet it was not falling back to using NEWEST.
Also add a test for this.
2018-06-11 16:54:58 -07:00
Alexander Todorov
06648d415a Don't be overly strict when validating /api/docs/ response in tests
this avoids comparing against files on disk (and the huge diff the
test runner produces in case of failure). Instead we look for a
200 HTTP response with large enough size and some well known
strings inside the response data.
2018-06-11 16:54:58 -07:00
Alexander Todorov
91cebe7b67 Measure coverage for parallel processes 2018-06-11 16:54:58 -07:00