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createhdds/createhdds.py
Adam Williamson 731cd6e69c add FreeIPA test disks (with kickstarts) and update InstallGuide 
Summary:
This goes along with the openqa_fedora commit to add the tests.
I didn't update the Docker instructions yet because I don't
quite remember how that goes. It might need a whole different
setup using some other networking...thing...

Test Plan: See https://phab.qadevel.cloud.fedoraproject.org/D831

Reviewers: jskladan, garretraziel

Reviewed By: garretraziel

Subscribers: tflink

Differential Revision: https://phab.qadevel.cloud.fedoraproject.org/D832
2016-05-04 11:55:22 -07:00

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Copyright (C) 2015 Red Hat
#
# createhdds is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
# Author: Adam Williamson <awilliam@redhat.com>
"""Tool for creating hard disk images for Fedora openQA."""
import argparse
import logging
import json
import os
try:
import subprocess32 as subprocess
except ImportError:
import subprocess
import sys
import time
import tempfile
import fedfind.helpers
import guestfs
import pexpect
from six.moves.urllib.request import urlopen
# this is a bit icky, but it means you can run the script from
# anywhere - we use this to locate hdds.json and the virtbuilder
# image command files, so they must always be in the same place
# as the script itself. images are checked/created in the working
# directory.
SCRIPTDIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0]))
logger = logging.getLogger('createhdds')
def handle_size(size):
"""Simple function to handle sizes like '10G' or '100MB', returns
the size in bytes as an int. Used by both image classes.
"""
size = str(size)
if size.endswith('G') or size.endswith('GB') or size.endswith('GiB'):
return int(size.split('G')[0]) * 1024 * 1024 * 1024
elif size.endswith('M') or size.endswith('MB') or size.endswith('MiB'):
return int(size.split('M')[0]) * 1024 * 1024
else:
return int(size)
class GuestfsImage(object):
"""Class representing an image created by guestfs. 'size' is the
desired image size, valid formats are a digit string (size in
bytes, digit string plus 'M', 'MB' or 'MiB' (size in power of two
megabytes), or digit string plus 'G', 'GB' or 'GiB' (size in power
of two gigabytes). 'imgver' is the image 'version' - in practice
it's simply a string that gets included in the image file name
if specified. 'filesystem' is the default filesystem for the image
- it will be used for parts that don't explicitly specify a
filesystem. 'label' is the disk label format to be used. parts,
writes, and uploads are lists of dicts that specify the partitions
that should be created and files that should be written or copied
('uploaded') to them. These are read in from hdds.json by
get_guestfs_images and passed here. 'name_extras' is an iterable
of strings which should be appended to the image file name, with _
separators (this provides a mechanism for get_guestfs_images to
include the label and/or filesystem in the image name when
creating images from a group with variants).
"""
def __init__(self, name, size, imgver='', filesystem='ext4', label='mbr', parts=None,
writes=None, uploads=None, name_extras=None):
self.name = name
self.size = handle_size(size)
# guestfs images are never outdated
self.outdated = False
self.filesystem = filesystem
self.label = label
self.parts = []
self.writes = []
self.uploads = []
if parts:
self.parts = parts
if writes:
self.writes = writes
if uploads:
self.uploads = uploads
self.filename = "disk_{0}".format(name)
if imgver:
self.filename = "{0}_{1}".format(self.filename, imgver)
if name_extras:
for item in name_extras:
self.filename = "{0}_{1}".format(self.filename, item)
self.filename = "{0}.img".format(self.filename)
def create(self):
"""Create the image."""
gfs = guestfs.GuestFS(python_return_dict=True)
try:
# Create the disk image with a temporary name
tmpfile = "{0}.tmp".format(self.filename)
gfs.disk_create(tmpfile, "raw", int(self.size))
# 'launch' guestfs with the disk attached
gfs.add_drive_opts(tmpfile, format="raw", readonly=0)
gfs.launch()
# identify the disk and create a disk label
disk = gfs.list_devices()[0]
gfs.part_init(disk, self.label)
# create and format the partitions
for part in self.parts:
# each partition can specify a filesystem, if it doesn't,
# we use the image default
if 'filesystem' not in part:
part['filesystem'] = self.filesystem
# create the partition: the dict must specify type ('p'
# for primary, 'l' for logical, 'e' for extended), and
# start and end sector numbers - more details in
# guestfs docs
gfs.part_add(disk, part['type'], int(part['start']), int(part['end']))
# identify the partition and format it
partn = gfs.list_partitions()[-1]
gfs.mkfs(part['filesystem'], partn, label=part.get('label'))
# do file 'writes' (create a file with a given string as
# its content)
for write in self.writes:
# the write dict must specify the partition to be
# written to, numbered from 1 as humans usually do;
# find that part and mount it
partn = gfs.list_partitions()[int(write['part'])-1]
gfs.mount(partn, "/")
# do the write: the dict must specify the target path
# and the string to be written ('content')
gfs.write(write['path'], write['content'])
gfs.sync()
gfs.umount_opts("/")
# do file 'uploads'. in guestfs-speak that means transfer
# a file from the host to the image, we use it to mean
# download a file from an http server and transfer that
# to the image
for upload in self.uploads:
# download the file to a temp file - borrowed from
# fedora_openqa_schedule (which stole it from SO)
(_, tmpfname) = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix="createhdds")
with open(tmpfname, 'wb') as tmpfh:
resp = urlopen(upload['source'])
while True:
# This is the number of bytes to read between buffer
# flushes. Value taken from the SO example.
buff = resp.read(8192)
if not buff:
break
tmpfh.write(buff)
# as with write, the dict must specify a target
# partition and location ('target')
partn = gfs.list_partitions()[int(upload['part'])-1]
gfs.mount(partn, "/")
gfs.upload(tmpfname, upload['target'])
os.remove(tmpfname)
gfs.sync()
gfs.umount_opts("/")
# we're all done! rename to the correct name
os.rename(tmpfile, self.filename)
except:
# if anything went wrong, we want to wipe the temp file
# then raise
os.remove(tmpfile)
raise
finally:
# whether things go right or wrong, we want to close the
# gfs instance, and rwmj recommends 'shutdown()' too
gfs.shutdown()
gfs.close()
class VirtBuilderImage(object):
"""Class representing an image created by virt-builder. 'release'
is the release the image will be built for. 'arch' is the arch.
'size' is the desired image size, valid formats are a digit string
(size in bytes, digit string plus 'M', 'MB' or 'MiB' (size in
power of two megabytes), or digit string plus 'G', 'GB' or 'GiB'
(size in power of two gigabytes). 0 (or any false-y value) means
the image will be the size of the upstream base image. 'imgver' is
the image 'version' - in practice it's simply a string that gets
included in the image file name if specified. 'maxage' is the
maximum age of the image file (in days) - if the image is older
than this, 'check' will report it as 'outdated' and 'all' will
rebuild it.
"""
def __init__(self, name, release, arch, size=0, imgver='', maxage=14):
self.name = name
self.size = handle_size(size)
self.filename = "disk_f{0}_{1}".format(str(release), name)
if imgver:
self.filename = "{0}_{1}".format(self.filename, imgver)
self.filename = "{0}_{1}.img".format(self.filename, arch)
self.release = release
self.arch = arch
self.maxage = maxage
def create(self):
"""Create the image."""
# Basic creation command with standard params
args = ["virt-builder", "fedora-{0}".format(str(self.release)), "-o", self.filename,
"--arch", self.arch]
if self.size:
args.extend(["--size", "{0}b".format(str(int(self.size)))])
# We use guestfs's ability to read customization commands from
# a file. The convention is to have a file 'name.commands' in
# SCRIPTDIR; if this file exists, we pass it to virt-builder.
if os.path.isfile("{0}/{1}.commands".format(SCRIPTDIR, self.name)):
args.extend(["--commands-from-file", "{0}/{1}.commands".format(SCRIPTDIR, self.name)])
ret = subprocess.call(args)
if ret > 0:
sys.exit("virt-builder command {0} failed!".format(' '.join(args)))
# We have to boot the disk to make SELinux relabelling happen;
# virt-builder can't do it unless the policy version on the host
# is the same as the guest(?) There are lots of bad ways to do
# this, expect is the one we're using.
child = pexpect.spawnu("qemu-kvm -m 2G -nographic {0}".format(self.filename), timeout=None)
child.expect(u"localhost login:")
child.sendline(u"root")
child.expect(u"Password:")
child.sendline(u"weakpassword")
child.expect(u"~]#")
child.sendline(u"poweroff")
child.expect(u"reboot: Power down")
child.close()
@property
def outdated(self):
"""Whether the image is outdated - if self.maxage is set and
it's older than that.
"""
if not os.path.isfile(self.filename):
return False
if self.maxage:
age = int(time.time()) - int(os.path.getmtime(self.filename))
# maxage is in days
if age > int(self.maxage) * 24 * 60 * 60:
return True
return False
def get_guestfs_images(imggrp, labels=None, filesystems=None):
"""Passed a single 'image group' dict (usually read out of hdds.
json), returns a list of GuestfsImage instances. labels and
filesystems act as overrides to the values specified in hdds.json
and the defaults in this function; multiple images will be created
for whatever combinations of labels and filesystems are specified.
If they're not passed, then we use the values from the dict; if
the dict doesn't specify, we just create a single image with the
label set to 'mbr' and the filesystem to 'ext4'. The filesystem
setting is itself a default - it's only used for 'part' entries
which don't specify a filesystem (see the GuestfsImage docs).
"""
imgs = []
# Read in the various dict values
name = imggrp['name']
size = imggrp['size']
parts = imggrp['parts']
# These are optional
writes = imggrp.get('writes')
uploads = imggrp.get('uploads')
imgver = imggrp.get('imgver')
# Here we implement the 'labels / filesystems' behaviour explained
# in the docstring
if not labels:
labels = imggrp.get('labels', ['mbr'])
if not filesystems:
filesystems = imggrp.get('filesystems', ['ext4'])
# Now we've sorted out all our settings, instantiate the images
for label in labels:
for filesystem in filesystems:
# We want to indicate filesystem/label in the filename
# when we're creating images with more than one. We check
# both the passed 'filesystems' value and the imggrp
# value, so if the caller overrode the imggrp value we
# still get the the long name (happens when using the
# single-image CLI subcommand and restricting the label/
# filesystem)
name_extras = []
if len(imggrp.get('filesystems', [])) > 1 or len(filesystems) > 1:
name_extras.append(filesystem)
if len(imggrp.get('labels', [])) > 1 or len(labels) > 1:
name_extras.append(label)
img = GuestfsImage(
name, size, imgver, filesystem, label, parts, writes, uploads, name_extras)
imgs.append(img)
return imgs
def get_virtbuilder_images(imggrp, nextrel=None, releases=None):
"""Passed a single 'image group' dict (usually read out of hdds.
json), returns a list of VirtBuilderImage instances. 'nextrel'
indicates the 'next' release of Fedora: sometimes we determine the
release to build image(s) for in relation to this, so we need to
know it. If it's not specified, we ask fedfind to figure it out
for us (this is the usual case, we just allow specifying it
in case there's an issue with fedfind or you want to test image
creation for the next-next release ahead of time or something).
The image group dict must include a dict named 'releases' which
indicates what releases to build images for and what arches to
build for each release; 'releases' can be used to override that. If
set, the image group 'releases' dict is ignored, and this dict is
used instead. The dict's keys must be release numbers or negative
integers: -1 means 'one release lower than the "next" release',
-2 means 'two releases lower than the "next" release', and so on.
The values are the arches to build for that release.
"""
imgs = []
# Set this here so if we need to calculate it, we only do it once
if not nextrel:
nextrel = 0
name = imggrp['name']
# this is the second place we set a default for maxage - bit ugly
maxage = int(imggrp.get('maxage', 14))
if not releases:
releases = imggrp['releases']
size = imggrp.get('size', 0)
imgver = imggrp.get('imgver')
# add an image for each release/arch combination
for (relnum, arches) in releases.items():
if int(relnum) < 0:
# negative relnum indicates 'relative to next release'
if not nextrel:
nextrel = fedfind.helpers.get_current_release() + 1
relnum = int(nextrel) + int(relnum)
for arch in arches:
imgs.append(
VirtBuilderImage(name, relnum, arch, size=size, imgver=imgver, maxage=maxage))
return imgs
def get_all_images(hdds, nextrel=None):
"""Simply iterates over the 'image group' dicts in hdds.json and
calls the appropriate get_foo_images() function for each, then
returns the list of all images. No overrides for labels,
filesystems, releases or arches are provided here, this function
is just for painting inside the lines - it's used to determine
what images are 'expected' to exist according to hdds.json. We
do allow passing of 'nextrel' just in case there's some issue
with the auto-discovery.
"""
imgs = []
for imggrp in hdds['guestfs']:
imgs.extend(get_guestfs_images(imggrp))
for imggrp in hdds['virtbuilder']:
imgs.extend(get_virtbuilder_images(imggrp, nextrel=nextrel))
return imgs
def do_renames(hdds):
"""Rename files according to the 'renames' list in hdds.json,
which is just a list of 'old name, new name' pairs. Say there's
an image we used to only create an mbr version of, but now we add
a gpt version; that means the expected name of the mbr version
changes. This function allows us to specify in hdds.json that the
mbr image should be renamed, which saves having to rebuild it.
'all' always does renames, 'check' can be told to do renames.
"""
for (orig, new) in hdds['renames']:
if os.path.isfile(orig) and not os.path.exists(new):
logger.info("Renaming %s to %s...", orig, new)
os.rename(orig, new)
def delete_all():
"""Remove absolutely all createhdds-controlled files; we assume
anything in the working directory starting with 'disk' and ending
with 'img' is one of our files.
"""
files = [fl for fl in os.listdir('.') if fl.startswith('disk') and fl.endswith('img')]
for _file in files:
os.remove(_file)
def clean(unknown):
"""This simply removes all the files in the list. The list is
expected to be the list of 'unknown' files returned by check();
both 'all' and 'clean' can delete 'unknown' files if requested.
'unknown' files are usually images for old releases we're no
longer testing, images we've simply stopped using, or old image
files when the image group name has been changed to indicate an
incompatible change to the image(s).
"""
for filename in unknown:
try:
logger.info("Removing unknown image %s", filename)
os.remove(filename)
except OSError:
# We don't really care if the file didn't exist for some
# reason, so just pass.
pass
def check(hdds, nextrel=None):
"""This calls get_all_images() to find out what images are expected
to exist, then compares that to the images that are actually
present and returns three lists. The first two are lists of Image
subclass instances, the last is a list of filenames. The first is a
list of the images that just aren't there at all. The second is a
list of images that are present but 'outdated', because they've
exceeded their maxage. The last is a list of image files that are
present but don't match any of the expected images - 'unknown'
images. The 'clean()' function can be used to remove these.
'nextrel' is passed through to get_all_images(), and is available
in case auto-detection via fedfind fails.
"""
current = []
missing = []
outdated = []
unknown = []
# Get the list of all 'expected' images
expected = get_all_images(hdds, nextrel=nextrel)
# Get the list of all present image files
files = set(fl for fl in os.listdir('.') if fl.startswith('disk') and fl.endswith('img'))
# Compare present images vs. expected images to produce 'unknown'
expnames = set(img.filename for img in expected)
unknown = list(files.difference(expnames))
# Now determine if images are absent or outdated
for img in expected:
if not os.path.isfile(img.filename):
missing.append(img)
continue
if img.outdated:
outdated.append(img)
continue
current.append(img)
logger.debug("Current images: %s", ', '.join([img.filename for img in current]))
logger.debug("Missing images: %s", ', '.join([img.filename for img in missing]))
logger.debug("Outdated images: %s", ', '.join([img.filename for img in outdated]))
logger.debug("Unknown images: %s", ', '.join(unknown))
return (missing, outdated, unknown)
def cli_all(args, hdds):
"""Function for the CLI 'all' subcommand. Creates all images. If
args.delete is set, blows all existing images away and recreates
them; otherwise it will just fill in missing or outdated images.
If args.clean is set, also wipes 'unknown' images.
"""
if args.delete:
logger.info("Removing all images...")
delete_all()
# handle renamed images (see do_renames docstring)
do_renames(hdds)
# call check() to find out what we need to do
(missing, outdated, unknown) = check(hdds, nextrel=args.nextrel)
# wipe 'unknown' images if requested
if args.clean:
clean(unknown)
# 'missing' plus 'outdated' is all the images we need to build; if
# args.delete was set, all images will be in this list
missing.extend(outdated)
for (num, img) in enumerate(missing, 1):
logger.info("Creating image %s...[%s/%s]", img.filename, str(num), str(len(missing)))
img.create()
def cli_check(args, hdds):
"""Function for the CLI 'check' subcommand. Basically just calls
check() and prints the results. Does renames before checking if
args.rename was set, and wipes 'unknown' images after checking if
args.clean was set. Exits with status 1 if any missing and/or
outdated files are found (handy for scripting/automation).
"""
if args.rename:
do_renames(hdds)
(missing, outdated, unknown) = check(hdds, nextrel=args.nextrel)
if missing:
print("Missing images: {0}".format(', '.join([img.filename for img in missing])))
if outdated:
print("Outdated images: {0}".format(', '.join([img.filename for img in outdated])))
if unknown:
print("Unknown images: {0}".format(', '.join(unknown)))
if args.clean:
clean(unknown)
if missing or outdated:
sys.exit("Missing and/or outdated images found!")
else:
sys.exit()
def cli_image(args, *_):
"""Function for CLI image group subcommands (a subcommand is added
for each image group in hdds.json). Will create the image(s) from
the specified group. For guestfs image groups with multiple labels
and/or filesystems, the user can pass args.label and/or args.
filesystem to limit creation to a single label and/or filesystem.
Note this function does no checking; the image will always be
recreated, even if it already exists and is current.
"""
# Note that on this path, the parsing of hdds is done by
# parse_args(). It passes us the image type and the image group
# dict from hdds as a tuple; we need to know the type so we know
# what fiddling to do with the args and what function to call
imggrp = args.imggrp[1]
imgtype = args.imggrp[0]
if imgtype == 'guestfs':
# If the user passed in label or filesystem, we pass them on
# to get_guestfs_images as single-item lists, otherwise we
# just pass 'None', causing it to use the values from imggrp
# (which come from hdds.json)
labels = None
filesystems = None
if args.label:
labels = [args.label]
if args.filesystem:
filesystems = [args.filesystem]
imgs = get_guestfs_images(imggrp, labels=labels, filesystems=filesystems)
elif imgtype == 'virtbuilder':
# If the user passed args.release, we construct a releases
# dict to pass to get_virtbuilder_images to override the dict
# from imggrp. If they passed args.arch, we use that arch,
# otherwise we default to x86_64. If args.release isn't set,
# we just pass None as release, and the releases dict from
# imggrp will be used, and images created for all release/
# arch combinations listed there. FIXME: if the user passes
# args.arch but not args.release, we just ignore it...
releases = None
if args.release:
if args.arch:
arches = [args.arch]
else:
arches = ['x86_64']
releases = {args.release: arches}
imgs = get_virtbuilder_images(imggrp, releases=releases)
for (num, img) in enumerate(imgs, 1):
logger.info("Creating image %s...[%s/%s]", img.filename, str(num), str(len(imgs)))
img.create()
def parse_args(hdds):
"""Parse arguments with argparse."""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=(
"Tool for creating hard disk images for Fedora openQA."))
parser.add_argument(
'-l', '--loglevel', help="The level of log messages to show",
choices=('debug', 'info', 'warning', 'error', 'critical'),
default='info')
# This is a workaround for a somewhat infamous argparse bug
# in Python 3. See:
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23349349/argparse-with-required-subparser
# http://bugs.python.org/issue16308
subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest='subcommand')
subparsers.required = True
parser_all = subparsers.add_parser(
'all', description="Ensure all images are present and up-to-date.")
parser_all.add_argument(
'-d', '--delete', help="Delete and re-build all images",
action='store_true')
parser_all.add_argument(
'-c', '--clean', help="Remove unknown (usually old) images",
action='store_true')
parser_all.add_argument(
'-n', '--nextrel', help="The release to treat as the 'next' release "
"- this determines what releases some images will be built for. If "
"not set or set to 0, createhdds will try to discover it when needed",
type=int, default=0)
parser_all.set_defaults(func=cli_all)
parser_check = subparsers.add_parser(
'check', description="Check status of existing image files.")
parser_check.add_argument(
'-n', '--nextrel', help="The release to treat as the 'next' release "
"- this determines what releases some images are expected to exist for. If "
"not set or set to 0, createhdds will try to discover it when needed",
type=int, default=0)
parser_check.add_argument(
'-r', '--rename', help="Whether to rename images when the expected name "
"has changed or not", action="store_true")
parser_check.add_argument(
'-c', '--clean', help="Remove unknown (usually old) images",
action='store_true')
parser_check.set_defaults(func=cli_check)
# This here is somewhat clever-clever: we generate a subcommand for
# each image group listed in hdds.json, which can be used to build
# image(s) from that group. For guestfs image groups, we also check
# if the group has multiple labels and/or filesystems by default,
# and add arguments to limit image creation to just a single label
# and/or filesystem.
for imggrp in hdds['guestfs']:
imgparser = subparsers.add_parser(
imggrp['name'], description="Create {0} image(s)".format(imggrp['name']))
labels = imggrp.get('labels', [])
if len(labels) > 1:
imgparser.add_argument(
'-l', '--label', help="Create only images with this disk label",
choices=labels)
filesystems = imggrp.get('filesystems', [])
if len(filesystems) > 1:
imgparser.add_argument(
'-f', '--filesystem', help="Create only images with this filesystem",
choices=filesystems)
imgparser.set_defaults(func=cli_image, label=None, filesystem=None)
# Here we're stuffing the type of the image and the dict from
# hdds into args for cli_image() to use.
imgparser.set_defaults(imggrp=('guestfs', imggrp))
# For libvirt images, we provide args to override the release/arch
# combination; using args.release will always result in just a
# single image being built, for x86_64 unless args.arch is set to
# i686.
for imggrp in hdds['virtbuilder']:
imgparser = subparsers.add_parser(
imggrp['name'], description="Create {0} image(s)".format(imggrp['name']))
imgparser.add_argument(
'-r', '--release', help="The release to build the image(s) for. If not "
"set or set to 0, createhdds will attempt to determine the current "
"release and build for appropriate releases relative to that",
type=int, default=0)
imgparser.add_argument(
'-a', '--arch', help="The arch to build the image(s) for. If neither "
"this nor --release is set, createhdds will decide the appropriate "
"arch(es) to build for each release. If this is not set but --release "
"is set, only x86_64 image(s) will be built.",
choices=('x86_64', 'i686'))
imgparser.set_defaults(func=cli_image)
# Here we're stuffing the type of the image and the dict from
# hdds into args for cli_image() to use.
imgparser.set_defaults(imggrp=('virtbuilder', imggrp))
return parser.parse_args()
def main():
"""Main loop - set up logging, parse args, run subcommand
function.
"""
try:
with open('{0}/hdds.json'.format(SCRIPTDIR), 'r') as fout:
hdds = json.load(fout)
args = parse_args(hdds)
loglevel = getattr(
logging, args.loglevel.upper(), logging.INFO)
logging.basicConfig(level=loglevel)
args.func(args, hdds)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.stderr.write("Interrupted, exiting...\n")
# there may be a guestfs temp image file lying around...
tmps = [fl for fl in os.listdir('.') if fl.startswith('disk') and fl.endswith('.tmp')]
for tmp in tmps:
os.remove(tmp)
sys.exit(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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