659 lines
19 KiB
Groff
659 lines
19 KiB
Groff
.\" Man page generated from reStructuredText.
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.
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.TH "MONGOIMPORT" "1" "January 30, 2015" "3.0" "mongodb-manual"
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.SH NAME
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mongoimport \- MongoDB Import Utility
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.
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..
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..
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.sp
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The \fBmongoimport\fP tool provides a route to import content from a
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JSON, CSV, or TSV export created by \fBmongoexport\fP, or
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potentially, another third\-party export tool. See the
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http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/core/import\-export document for a more in depth
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usage overview, and the \fBmongoexport\fP document for more
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information regarding \fBmongoexport\fP, which
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provides the inverse "exporting" capability.
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.SH CONSIDERATIONS
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.sp
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Do not use \fBmongoimport\fP and \fBmongoexport\fP for
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full instance, production backups because they will not reliably capture data type
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information. Use \fBmongodump\fP and \fBmongorestore\fP as
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described in http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/core/backups for this kind of
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functionality.
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.sp
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\fBmongoimport\fP is single\-threaded and inserts one document at
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a time into MongoDB. Custom import tools for data ingestion may have
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better performance for specific workloads.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.sp
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Changed in version 3.0.0: \fBmongoimport\fP removed the \fB\-\-dbpath\fP as well as related
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\fB\-\-directoryperdb\fP and \fB\-\-journal\fP options. You must use
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\fBmongoimport\fP while connected to a \fBmongod\fP instance.
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B mongoimport
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B mongoimport
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-help
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Returns information on the options and use of \fBmongoimport\fP\&.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-verbose, \-v
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Increases the amount of internal reporting returned on standard output
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or in log files. Increase the verbosity with the \fB\-v\fP form by
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including the option multiple times, (e.g. \fB\-vvvvv\fP\&.)
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-quiet
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Runs the \fBmongoimport\fP in a quiet mode that attempts to limit the amount
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of output.
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.sp
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This option suppresses:
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.INDENT 7.0
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.IP \(bu 2
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output from \fIdatabase commands\fP
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.IP \(bu 2
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replication activity
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.IP \(bu 2
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connection accepted events
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.IP \(bu 2
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connection closed events
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.UNINDENT
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-version
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Returns the \fBmongoimport\fP release number.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-host <hostname><:port>, \-h <hostname><:port>
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\fIDefault\fP: localhost:27017
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.sp
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Specifies a resolvable hostname for the \fBmongod\fP to which to
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connect. By default, the \fBmongoimport\fP attempts to connect to a MongoDB
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instance running on the localhost on port number \fB27017\fP\&.
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.sp
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To connect to a replica set, specify the
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\fBreplSetName\fP and a seed list of set members, as in
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the following:
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.INDENT 7.0
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.INDENT 3.5
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.sp
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.nf
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.ft C
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<replSetName>/<hostname1><:port>,<hostname2><:port>,<...>
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.ft P
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.fi
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.UNINDENT
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.UNINDENT
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.sp
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You can always connect directly to a single MongoDB instance by
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specifying the host and port number directly.
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.sp
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Changed in version 3.0.0: If you use IPv6 and use the \fB<address>:<port>\fP format, you must
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enclose the portion of an address and port combination in
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brackets (e.g. \fB[<address>]\fP).
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-port <port>
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\fIDefault\fP: 27017
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.sp
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Specifies the TCP port on which the MongoDB instance listens for
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client connections.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-ipv6
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Enables IPv6 support and allows the \fBmongoimport\fP to connect to the
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MongoDB instance using an IPv6 network. All MongoDB programs and
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processes disable IPv6 support by default.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-ssl
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New in version 2.6.
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.sp
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Enables connection to a \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP that has
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SSL support enabled.
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.sp
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The default distribution of MongoDB does not contain support for SSL.
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For more information on MongoDB and SSL, see http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/configure\-ssl\&.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-sslCAFile <filename>
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New in version 2.6.
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.sp
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Specifies the \fB\&.pem\fP file that contains the root certificate chain
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from the Certificate Authority. Specify the file name of the
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\fB\&.pem\fP file using relative or absolute paths.
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.sp
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The default distribution of MongoDB does not contain support for SSL.
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For more information on MongoDB and SSL, see http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/configure\-ssl\&.
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.sp
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\fBWARNING:\fP
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.INDENT 7.0
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.INDENT 3.5
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If the \fBmongo\fP shell or any other tool that connects to
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\fBmongos\fP or \fBmongod\fP is run without
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\fI\-\-sslCAFile\fP, it will not attempt to validate
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server certificates. This results in vulnerability to expired
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\fBmongod\fP and \fBmongos\fP certificates as well as to foreign
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processes posing as valid \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP
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instances. Ensure that you \fIalways\fP specify the CA file against which
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server certificates should be validated in cases where intrusion is a
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possibility.
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.UNINDENT
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.UNINDENT
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-sslPEMKeyFile <filename>
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New in version 2.6.
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.sp
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Specifies the \fB\&.pem\fP file that contains both the SSL certificate
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and key. Specify the file name of the \fB\&.pem\fP file using relative
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or absolute paths.
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.sp
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This option is required when using the \fI\-\-ssl\fP option to connect
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to a \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP that has
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\fBCAFile\fP enabled \fIwithout\fP
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\fBallowConnectionsWithoutCertificates\fP\&.
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.sp
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The default distribution of MongoDB does not contain support for SSL.
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For more information on MongoDB and SSL, see http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/configure\-ssl\&.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-sslPEMKeyPassword <value>
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New in version 2.6.
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.sp
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Specifies the password to de\-crypt the certificate\-key file (i.e.
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\fI\-\-sslPEMKeyFile\fP). Use the \fI\-\-sslPEMKeyPassword\fP option only if the
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certificate\-key file is encrypted. In all cases, the \fBmongoimport\fP will
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redact the password from all logging and reporting output.
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.sp
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If the private key in the PEM file is encrypted and you do not specify
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the \fI\-\-sslPEMKeyPassword\fP option, the \fBmongoimport\fP will prompt for a passphrase. See
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\fIssl\-certificate\-password\fP\&.
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.sp
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The default distribution of MongoDB does not contain support for SSL.
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For more information on MongoDB and SSL, see http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/configure\-ssl\&.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-sslCRLFile <filename>
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New in version 2.6.
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.sp
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Specifies the \fB\&.pem\fP file that contains the Certificate Revocation
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List. Specify the file name of the \fB\&.pem\fP file using relative or
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absolute paths.
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.sp
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The default distribution of MongoDB does not contain support for SSL.
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For more information on MongoDB and SSL, see http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/configure\-ssl\&.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-sslAllowInvalidCertificates
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New in version 2.6.
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.sp
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Bypasses the validation checks for server certificates and allows
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the use of invalid certificates. When using the
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\fBallowInvalidCertificates\fP setting, MongoDB logs as a
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warning the use of the invalid certificate.
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.sp
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The default distribution of MongoDB does not contain support for SSL.
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For more information on MongoDB and SSL, see http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/configure\-ssl\&.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-sslAllowInvalidHostnames
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New in version 3.0.
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.sp
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Disables the validation of the hostnames in SSL certificates. Allows
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\fBmongoimport\fP to connect to MongoDB instances if the hostname their
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certificates do not match the specified hostname.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-sslFIPSMode
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New in version 2.6.
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.sp
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Directs the \fBmongoimport\fP to use the FIPS mode of the installed OpenSSL
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library. Your system must have a FIPS compliant OpenSSL library to use
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the \fI\-\-sslFIPSMode\fP option.
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.sp
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\fBNOTE:\fP
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.INDENT 7.0
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.INDENT 3.5
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FIPS Compatible SSL is
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available only in \fI\%MongoDB Enterprise\fP\&. See
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http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/configure\-fips for more information.
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.UNINDENT
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.UNINDENT
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-username <username>, \-u <username>
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Specifies a username with which to authenticate to a MongoDB database
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that uses authentication. Use in conjunction with the \fB\-\-password\fP and
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\fB\-\-authenticationDatabase\fP options.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-password <password>, \-p <password>
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Specifies a password with which to authenticate to a MongoDB database
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that uses authentication. Use in conjunction with the \fB\-\-username\fP and
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\fB\-\-authenticationDatabase\fP options.
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.sp
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If you do not specify an argument for \fI\-\-password\fP, \fBmongoimport\fP will
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prompt interactively for a password on the console.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-authenticationDatabase <dbname>
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New in version 2.4.
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.sp
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Specifies the database that holds the user\(aqs credentials.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-authenticationMechanism <name>
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\fIDefault\fP: MONGODB\-CR
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.sp
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New in version 2.4.
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.sp
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Changed in version 2.6: Added support for the \fBPLAIN\fP and \fBMONGODB\-X509\fP authentication
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mechanisms.
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.sp
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Specifies the authentication mechanism the \fBmongoimport\fP instance uses to
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authenticate to the \fBmongod\fP or \fBmongos\fP\&.
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.TS
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center;
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|l|l|.
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_
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T{
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Value
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T} T{
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Description
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T}
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_
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T{
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MONGODB\-CR
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T} T{
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MongoDB challenge/response authentication.
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T}
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_
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T{
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MONGODB\-X509
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T} T{
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MongoDB SSL certificate authentication.
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T}
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_
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T{
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PLAIN
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T} T{
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External authentication using LDAP. You can also use \fBPLAIN\fP
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for authenticating in\-database users. \fBPLAIN\fP transmits
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passwords in plain text. This mechanism is available only in
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\fI\%MongoDB Enterprise\fP\&.
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T}
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_
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T{
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GSSAPI
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T} T{
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External authentication using Kerberos. This mechanism is
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available only in \fI\%MongoDB Enterprise\fP\&.
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T}
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_
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.TE
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-gssapiServiceName
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New in version 2.6.
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.sp
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Specify the name of the service using \fBGSSAPI/Kerberos\fP\&. Only required if the service does not use the
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default name of \fBmongodb\fP\&.
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.sp
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This option is available only in MongoDB Enterprise.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-gssapiHostName
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New in version 2.6.
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.sp
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Specify the hostname of a service using \fBGSSAPI/Kerberos\fP\&. \fIOnly\fP required if the hostname of a machine does
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not match the hostname resolved by DNS.
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.sp
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This option is available only in MongoDB Enterprise.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-db <database>, \-d <database>
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Specifies the name of the database on which to run the \fBmongoimport\fP\&.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-collection <collection>, \-c <collection>
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Specifies the collection to import.
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.sp
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New in version 2.6: If you do not specify \fI\-\-collection\fP,
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\fBmongoimport\fP takes the collection name from the input
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filename. MongoDB omits the extension of the file from the
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collection name, if the input file has an extension.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-fields <field1[,field2]>, \-f <field1[,field2]>
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Specify a comma separated list of field names when importing \fIcsv\fP
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or \fItsv\fP files that do not have field names in the first (i.e.
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header) line of the file.
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.sp
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If you attempt to include \fI\%\-\-fields\fP when importing JSON data,
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\fBmongoimport\fP will return an error. \fI\%\-\-fields\fP is only for \fIcsv\fP
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or \fItsv\fP imports.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-fieldFile <filename>
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As an alternative to \fI\%\-\-fields\fP, the \fI\%\-\-fieldFile\fP
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option allows you to specify a file that holds a list of field names if
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your \fIcsv\fP or \fItsv\fP file does not include field names in the
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first line of the file (i.e. header). Place one field per line.
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.sp
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If you attempt to include \fI\%\-\-fieldFile\fP when importing JSON data,
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\fBmongoimport\fP will return an error. \fI\%\-\-fieldFile\fP is only for \fIcsv\fP
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or \fItsv\fP imports.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-ignoreBlanks
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Ignores empty fields in \fIcsv\fP and \fItsv\fP exports. If not
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specified, \fBmongoimport\fP creates fields without values in
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imported documents.
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.sp
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If you attempt to include \fI\%\-\-ignoreBlanks\fP when importing JSON data,
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\fBmongoimport\fP will return an error. \fI\%\-\-ignoreBlanks\fP is only for \fIcsv\fP
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or \fItsv\fP imports.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-type <json|csv|tsv>
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Specifies the file type to import. The default format is \fIJSON\fP,
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but it\(aqs possible to import \fIcsv\fP and \fItsv\fP files.
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.sp
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The \fBcsv\fP parser accepts that data that complies with RFC
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\fI\%RFC 4180\fP\&. As a result, backslashes are \fInot\fP a valid escape
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character. If you use double\-quotes to enclose fields in the CSV
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data, you must escape internal double\-quote marks by prepending
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another double\-quote.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-file <filename>
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Specifies the location and name of a file containing the data to import.
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If you do not specify a file, \fBmongoimport\fP reads data from
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standard input (e.g. "stdin").
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-drop
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Modifies the import process so that the target instance drops
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the collection before importing the data from the input.
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.UNINDENT
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.INDENT 0.0
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.TP
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.B \-\-headerline
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If using \fI\-\-type csv\fP or \fI\-\-type
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tsv\fP, uses the first line as field names.
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Otherwise, \fBmongoimport\fP will import the first line as a
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distinct document.
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.sp
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If you attempt to include \fI\%\-\-headerline\fP when importing JSON data,
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\fBmongoimport\fP will return an error. \fI\%\-\-headerline\fP is only for \fIcsv\fP
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or \fItsv\fP imports.
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.UNINDENT
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
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|
.TP
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.B \-\-upsert
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|
Modifies the import process to update existing objects in the
|
|
database if they match an imported object, while inserting all
|
|
other objects.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If you do not specify a field or fields using the
|
|
\fI\%\-\-upsertFields\fP \fBmongoimport\fP will upsert on the
|
|
basis of the \fB_id\fP field.
|
|
.INDENT 7.0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \&..versionchanged:: 3.0.0
|
|
\fI\%\-\-upsert\fP is no longer needed when specifying upserts. Use
|
|
\fI\%\-\-upsertFields\fP, which produces the same behavior.
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-\-upsertFields <field1[,field2]>
|
|
Specifies a list of fields for the query portion of the
|
|
\fIupsert\fP\&. Use this option if the \fB_id\fP fields in the
|
|
existing documents don\(aqt match the field in the document, but
|
|
another field or field combination can uniquely identify
|
|
documents as a basis for performing upsert operations.
|
|
.INDENT 7.0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \&..versionchanged:: 3.0.0
|
|
Modifies the import process to update existing objects in the
|
|
database if they match based on the specified fields, while
|
|
inserting all other objects.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If you do not specify a field, \fI\%\-\-upsertFields\fP will upsert on the basis of
|
|
the \fB_id\fP field.
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.sp
|
|
To ensure adequate performance, indexes should exist for this
|
|
field or fields.
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-\-stopOnError
|
|
New in version 2.2.
|
|
|
|
.sp
|
|
Forces \fBmongoimport\fP to halt the import operation at the
|
|
first error rather than continuing the operation despite errors.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Changed in version 3.0.0: \fI\%\-\-stopOnError\fP interrupts the import operation when \fBmongoimport\fP encounters
|
|
an insert or upsert error. Other error types will not stop
|
|
the import.
|
|
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-\-jsonArray
|
|
Accepts the import of data expressed with multiple MongoDB documents
|
|
within a single \fIJSON\fP array. Limited to
|
|
imports of 16 MB or smaller.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Use \fI\%\-\-jsonArray\fP in conjunction with \fImongoexport \-\-jsonArray\fP\&.
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-\-maintainInsertionOrder
|
|
\fIDefault\fP: False
|
|
.sp
|
|
If specified, \fBmongoimport\fP inserts the documents in the order of
|
|
their appearance in the input source, otherwise \fBmongoimport\fP may
|
|
perform the insertions in an arbitrary order.
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.TP
|
|
.B \-\-writeConcern <document>
|
|
\fIDefault\fP: majority
|
|
.sp
|
|
Specifies the \fIwrite concern\fP for each write operation that \fBmongoimport\fP
|
|
writes to the target database.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Specify the write concern as a document with \fIw options\fP\&.
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.SH USE
|
|
.sp
|
|
In this example, \fBmongoimport\fP imports the \fIcsv\fP
|
|
formatted data in the \fB/opt/backups/contacts.csv\fP into the
|
|
collection \fBcontacts\fP in the \fBusers\fP database on the MongoDB
|
|
instance running on the localhost port numbered
|
|
\fB27017\fP\&. \fBmongoimport\fP determines the name of files using
|
|
the first line in the CSV file, because of the \fI\-\-headerline\fP:
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.INDENT 3.5
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ft C
|
|
mongoimport \-\-db users \-\-collection contacts \-\-type csv \-\-headerline \-\-file /opt/backups/contacts.csv
|
|
.ft P
|
|
.fi
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.sp
|
|
Since \fBmongoimport\fP uses the input file name, without the
|
|
extension, as the collection name if \fB\-c\fP or \fB\-\-collection\fP is
|
|
unspecified. The following example is equivalent:
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.INDENT 3.5
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ft C
|
|
mongoimport \-\-db users \-\-type csv \-\-headerline \-\-file /opt/backups/contacts.csv
|
|
.ft P
|
|
.fi
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.sp
|
|
In the following example, \fBmongoimport\fP imports the data in
|
|
the \fIJSON\fP formatted file \fBcontacts.json\fP into the collection
|
|
\fBcontacts\fP on the MongoDB instance running on the localhost port
|
|
number 27017.
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.INDENT 3.5
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ft C
|
|
mongoimport \-\-db users \-\-collection contacts \-\-file contacts.json
|
|
.ft P
|
|
.fi
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.sp
|
|
In the next example, \fBmongoimport\fP imports data from the
|
|
file \fB/opt/backups/mdb1\-examplenet.json\fP into the collection
|
|
\fBcontacts\fP within the database \fBmarketing\fP on a remote MongoDB
|
|
database. This \fBmongoimport\fP accesses the \fBmongod\fP
|
|
instance running on the host \fBmongodb1.example.net\fP over port
|
|
\fB37017\fP, which requires the username \fBuser\fP and the password
|
|
\fBpass\fP\&.
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.INDENT 3.5
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ft C
|
|
mongoimport \-\-host mongodb1.example.net \-\-port 37017 \-\-username user \-\-password pass \-\-collection contacts \-\-db marketing \-\-file /opt/backups/mdb1\-examplenet.json
|
|
.ft P
|
|
.fi
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.SH TYPE FIDELITY
|
|
.sp
|
|
\fBWARNING:\fP
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.INDENT 3.5
|
|
\fBmongoimport\fP and \fBmongoexport\fP do not reliably
|
|
preserve all rich \fIBSON\fP data types because \fIJSON\fP can
|
|
only represent a subset of the types supported by BSON. As a result,
|
|
data exported or imported with these tools may lose some measure of
|
|
fidelity. See the \fBExtended JSON\fP
|
|
reference for more information.
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.sp
|
|
JSON can only represent a subset of the types supported by BSON. To
|
|
preserve type information, \fBmongoimport\fP accepts \fBstrict
|
|
mode representation\fP for certain
|
|
types.
|
|
.sp
|
|
For example, to preserve type information for BSON types
|
|
\fBdata_date\fP and \fBdata_numberlong\fP during
|
|
\fBmongoimport\fP, the data should be in strict mode
|
|
representation, as in the following:
|
|
.INDENT 0.0
|
|
.INDENT 3.5
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ft C
|
|
{ "_id" : 1, "volume" : { "$numberLong" : "2980000" }, "date" : { "$date" : "2014\-03\-13T13:47:42.483\-0400" } }
|
|
.ft P
|
|
.fi
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.UNINDENT
|
|
.sp
|
|
For the \fBdata_numberlong\fP type, \fBmongoimport\fP
|
|
converts into a float during the import.
|
|
.sp
|
|
See http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/mongodb\-extended\-json for a complete list of
|
|
these types and the representations used.
|
|
.SH AUTHOR
|
|
MongoDB Documentation Project
|
|
.SH COPYRIGHT
|
|
2011-2015
|
|
.\" Generated by docutils manpage writer.
|
|
.
|