From 2c8494a1b89d69da9de46ca2cb17f9e8f12eb9b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Isaac Boukris Date: Fri, 20 Mar 2020 00:17:28 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] Add channel bindings tests [ghudson@mit.edu: adjusted test program to output channel-bound state instead of optionally enforcing it; adjusted tests to check program output; split out tests into separate Python script; made cosmetic changes] ticket: 8900 (cherry picked from commit b0b21b6d25b06f3e2b365dfe9dd4c99b3d43bf57) [rharwood@redhat.com: slush around upstream not backporting reload, gitignore] --- src/plugins/gssapi/negoextest/main.c | 18 +++++ src/tests/gssapi/Makefile.in | 57 +++++++------- src/tests/gssapi/common.c | 25 ++++-- src/tests/gssapi/common.h | 9 +++ src/tests/gssapi/deps | 4 + src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.c | 111 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.py | 43 +++++++++++ src/tests/gssapi/t_negoex.py | 7 ++ 8 files changed, 242 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.c create mode 100644 src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.py diff --git a/src/plugins/gssapi/negoextest/main.c b/src/plugins/gssapi/negoextest/main.c index 6c340f41b..72fc5273a 100644 --- a/src/plugins/gssapi/negoextest/main.c +++ b/src/plugins/gssapi/negoextest/main.c @@ -57,6 +57,15 @@ gss_init_sec_context(OM_uint32 *minor_status, const char *envstr; uint8_t hops, mech_last_octet; + envstr = getenv("GSS_INIT_BINDING"); + if (envstr != NULL) { + assert(strlen(envstr) > 0); + assert(input_chan_bindings != GSS_C_NO_CHANNEL_BINDINGS); + assert(strlen(envstr) == input_chan_bindings->application_data.length); + assert(strcmp((char *)input_chan_bindings->application_data.value, + envstr) == 0); + } + if (input_token == GSS_C_NO_BUFFER || input_token->length == 0) { envstr = getenv("HOPS"); hops = (envstr != NULL) ? atoi(envstr) : 1; @@ -112,6 +121,15 @@ gss_accept_sec_context(OM_uint32 *minor_status, gss_ctx_id_t *context_handle, uint8_t hops, mech_last_octet; const char *envstr; + envstr = getenv("GSS_ACCEPT_BINDING"); + if (envstr != NULL) { + assert(strlen(envstr) > 0); + assert(input_chan_bindings != GSS_C_NO_CHANNEL_BINDINGS); + assert(strlen(envstr) == input_chan_bindings->application_data.length); + assert(strcmp((char *)input_chan_bindings->application_data.value, + envstr) == 0); + } + /* * The unwrapped token sits at the end and is just one byte giving the * remaining number of hops. The final octet of the mech encoding should diff --git a/src/tests/gssapi/Makefile.in b/src/tests/gssapi/Makefile.in index 22a2f9480..cf7bcf451 100644 --- a/src/tests/gssapi/Makefile.in +++ b/src/tests/gssapi/Makefile.in @@ -8,34 +8,36 @@ LOCALINCLUDES = -I$(srcdir)/../../lib/gssapi/mechglue \ -I$(srcdir)/../../lib/gssapi/generic -I../../lib/gssapi/krb5 \ -I../../lib/gssapi/generic -SRCS= $(srcdir)/ccinit.c $(srcdir)/ccrefresh.c $(srcdir)/common.c $(srcdir)/reload.c \ - $(srcdir)/t_accname.c $(srcdir)/t_add_cred.c $(srcdir)/t_ccselect.c \ - $(srcdir)/t_ciflags.c $(srcdir)/t_context.c $(srcdir)/t_credstore.c \ - $(srcdir)/t_enctypes.c $(srcdir)/t_err.c $(srcdir)/t_export_cred.c \ - $(srcdir)/t_export_name.c $(srcdir)/t_gssexts.c \ - $(srcdir)/t_imp_cred.c $(srcdir)/t_imp_name.c $(srcdir)/t_invalid.c \ - $(srcdir)/t_inq_cred.c $(srcdir)/t_inq_ctx.c \ +SRCS= $(srcdir)/ccinit.c $(srcdir)/ccrefresh.c $(srcdir)/common.c \ + $(srcdir)/reload.c $(srcdir)/t_accname.c $(srcdir)/t_add_cred.c \ + $(srcdir)/t_bindings.c $(srcdir)/t_ccselect.c $(srcdir)/t_ciflags.c \ + $(srcdir)/t_context.c $(srcdir)/t_credstore.c $(srcdir)/t_enctypes.c \ + $(srcdir)/t_err.c $(srcdir)/t_export_cred.c $(srcdir)/t_export_name.c \ + $(srcdir)/t_gssexts.c $(srcdir)/t_imp_cred.c $(srcdir)/t_imp_name.c \ + $(srcdir)/t_invalid.c $(srcdir)/t_inq_cred.c $(srcdir)/t_inq_ctx.c \ $(srcdir)/t_inq_mechs_name.c $(srcdir)/t_iov.c \ $(srcdir)/t_lifetime.c $(srcdir)/t_namingexts.c $(srcdir)/t_oid.c \ $(srcdir)/t_pcontok.c $(srcdir)/t_prf.c $(srcdir)/t_s4u.c \ $(srcdir)/t_s4u2proxy_krb5.c $(srcdir)/t_saslname.c \ $(srcdir)/t_spnego.c $(srcdir)/t_srcattrs.c -OBJS= ccinit.o ccrefresh.o common.o reload.o t_accname.o t_add_cred.o t_ccselect.o \ - t_ciflags.o t_context.o t_credstore.o t_enctypes.o t_err.o \ - t_export_cred.o t_export_name.o t_gssexts.o t_imp_cred.o t_imp_name.o \ - t_invalid.o t_inq_cred.o t_inq_ctx.o t_inq_mechs_name.o t_iov.o \ - t_lifetime.o t_namingexts.o t_oid.o t_pcontok.o t_prf.o t_s4u.o \ - t_s4u2proxy_krb5.o t_saslname.o t_spnego.o t_srcattrs.o + +OBJS= ccinit.o ccrefresh.o common.o reload.o t_accname.o t_add_cred.o \ + t_bindings.o t_ccselect.o t_ciflags.o t_context.o t_credstore.o \ + t_enctypes.o t_err.o t_export_cred.o t_export_name.o t_gssexts.o \ + t_imp_cred.o t_imp_name.o t_invalid.o t_inq_cred.o t_inq_ctx.o \ + t_inq_mechs_name.o t_iov.o t_lifetime.o t_namingexts.o t_oid.o \ + t_pcontok.o t_prf.o t_s4u.o t_s4u2proxy_krb5.o t_saslname.o \ + t_spnego.o t_srcattrs.o COMMON_DEPS= common.o $(GSS_DEPLIBS) $(KRB5_BASE_DEPLIBS) COMMON_LIBS= common.o $(GSS_LIBS) $(KRB5_BASE_LIBS) -all: ccinit ccrefresh t_accname t_add_cred t_ccselect t_ciflags t_context \ - t_credstore t_enctypes t_err t_export_cred t_export_name t_gssexts \ - t_imp_cred t_imp_name t_invalid t_inq_cred t_inq_ctx t_inq_mechs_name \ - t_iov t_lifetime t_namingexts t_oid t_pcontok t_prf t_s4u \ - t_s4u2proxy_krb5 t_saslname t_spnego t_srcattrs +all: ccinit ccrefresh t_accname t_add_cred t_bindings t_ccselect t_ciflags \ + t_context t_credstore t_enctypes t_err t_export_cred t_export_name \ + t_gssexts t_imp_cred t_imp_name t_invalid t_inq_cred t_inq_ctx \ + t_inq_mechs_name t_iov t_lifetime t_namingexts t_oid t_pcontok t_prf \ + t_s4u t_s4u2proxy_krb5 t_saslname t_spnego t_srcattrs check-unix: t_oid reload $(RUN_TEST) ./t_invalid @@ -44,11 +46,12 @@ check-unix: t_oid reload $(RUN_TEST) ./t_imp_name if [ -r $(TOPLIBD)/libgssapi_krb5.so ]; then $(RUN_TEST) ./reload; fi -check-pytests: ccinit ccrefresh t_accname t_add_cred t_ccselect t_ciflags \ - t_context t_credstore t_enctypes t_err t_export_cred t_export_name \ - t_imp_cred t_inq_cred t_inq_ctx t_inq_mechs_name t_iov t_lifetime \ - t_pcontok t_s4u t_s4u2proxy_krb5 t_spnego t_srcattrs +check-pytests: ccinit ccrefresh t_accname t_add_cred t_bindings t_ccselect \ + t_ciflags t_context t_credstore t_enctypes t_err t_export_cred \ + t_export_name t_imp_cred t_inq_cred t_inq_ctx t_inq_mechs_name t_iov \ + t_lifetime t_pcontok t_s4u t_s4u2proxy_krb5 t_spnego t_srcattrs $(RUNPYTEST) $(srcdir)/t_gssapi.py $(PYTESTFLAGS) + $(RUNPYTEST) $(srcdir)/t_bindings.py $(PYTESTFLAGS) $(RUNPYTEST) $(srcdir)/t_ccselect.py $(PYTESTFLAGS) $(RUNPYTEST) $(srcdir)/t_client_keytab.py $(PYTESTFLAGS) $(RUNPYTEST) $(srcdir)/t_enctypes.py $(PYTESTFLAGS) @@ -67,6 +70,8 @@ t_accname: t_accname.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(CC_LINK) -o $@ t_accname.o $(COMMON_LIBS) t_add_cred: t_add_cred.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(CC_LINK) -o $@ t_add_cred.o $(COMMON_LIBS) +t_bindings: t_bindings.o $(COMMON_DEPS) + $(CC_LINK) -o $@ t_bindings.o $(COMMON_LIBS) t_ccselect: t_ccselect.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(CC_LINK) -o $@ t_ccselect.o $(COMMON_LIBS) t_ciflags: t_ciflags.o $(COMMON_DEPS) @@ -121,9 +126,9 @@ t_srcattrs: t_srcattrs.o $(COMMON_DEPS) $(CC_LINK) -o $@ t_srcattrs.o $(COMMON_LIBS) clean: - $(RM) ccinit ccrefresh reload t_accname t_add_cred t_ccselect t_ciflags - $(RM) t_context t_credstore t_enctypes t_err t_export_cred - $(RM) t_export_name t_gssexts t_imp_cred t_imp_name t_invalid - $(RM) t_inq_cred t_inq_ctx t_inq_mechs_name t_iov t_lifetime + $(RM) ccinit ccrefresh reload t_accname t_add_cred t_bindings + $(RM) t_ccselect t_ciflags t_context t_credstore t_enctypes t_err + $(RM) t_export_cred t_export_name t_gssexts t_imp_cred t_imp_name + $(RM) t_invalid t_inq_cred t_inq_ctx t_inq_mechs_name t_iov t_lifetime $(RM) t_namingexts t_oid t_pcontok t_prf t_s4u t_s4u2proxy_krb5 $(RM) t_saslname t_spnego t_srcattrs diff --git a/src/tests/gssapi/common.c b/src/tests/gssapi/common.c index 83e9d9bb8..7ba72f7b2 100644 --- a/src/tests/gssapi/common.c +++ b/src/tests/gssapi/common.c @@ -115,6 +115,20 @@ establish_contexts(gss_OID imech, gss_cred_id_t icred, gss_cred_id_t acred, gss_name_t tname, OM_uint32 flags, gss_ctx_id_t *ictx, gss_ctx_id_t *actx, gss_name_t *src_name, gss_OID *amech, gss_cred_id_t *deleg_cred) +{ + return establish_contexts_ex(imech, icred, acred, tname, flags, ictx, actx, + GSS_C_NO_CHANNEL_BINDINGS, + GSS_C_NO_CHANNEL_BINDINGS, NULL, src_name, + amech, deleg_cred); +} + +void +establish_contexts_ex(gss_OID imech, gss_cred_id_t icred, gss_cred_id_t acred, + gss_name_t tname, OM_uint32 flags, gss_ctx_id_t *ictx, + gss_ctx_id_t *actx, gss_channel_bindings_t icb, + gss_channel_bindings_t acb, OM_uint32 *aret_flags, + gss_name_t *src_name, gss_OID *amech, + gss_cred_id_t *deleg_cred) { OM_uint32 minor, imaj, amaj; gss_buffer_desc itok, atok; @@ -126,17 +140,16 @@ establish_contexts(gss_OID imech, gss_cred_id_t icred, gss_cred_id_t acred, for (;;) { (void)gss_release_buffer(&minor, &itok); imaj = gss_init_sec_context(&minor, icred, ictx, tname, imech, flags, - GSS_C_INDEFINITE, - GSS_C_NO_CHANNEL_BINDINGS, &atok, NULL, - &itok, NULL, NULL); + GSS_C_INDEFINITE, icb, &atok, NULL, &itok, + NULL, NULL); check_gsserr("gss_init_sec_context", imaj, minor); if (amaj == GSS_S_COMPLETE) break; (void)gss_release_buffer(&minor, &atok); - amaj = gss_accept_sec_context(&minor, actx, acred, &itok, - GSS_C_NO_CHANNEL_BINDINGS, src_name, - amech, &atok, NULL, NULL, deleg_cred); + amaj = gss_accept_sec_context(&minor, actx, acred, &itok, acb, + src_name, amech, &atok, aret_flags, NULL, + deleg_cred); check_gsserr("gss_accept_sec_context", amaj, minor); (void)gss_release_buffer(&minor, &itok); if (imaj == GSS_S_COMPLETE) diff --git a/src/tests/gssapi/common.h b/src/tests/gssapi/common.h index ae11b51d4..a5c8f87e6 100644 --- a/src/tests/gssapi/common.h +++ b/src/tests/gssapi/common.h @@ -62,6 +62,15 @@ void establish_contexts(gss_OID imech, gss_cred_id_t icred, gss_name_t *src_name, gss_OID *amech, gss_cred_id_t *deleg_cred); +/* Establish contexts with channel bindings. */ +void establish_contexts_ex(gss_OID imech, gss_cred_id_t icred, + gss_cred_id_t acred, gss_name_t tname, + OM_uint32 flags, gss_ctx_id_t *ictx, + gss_ctx_id_t *actx, gss_channel_bindings_t icb, + gss_channel_bindings_t acb, OM_uint32 *aret_flags, + gss_name_t *src_name, gss_OID *amech, + gss_cred_id_t *deleg_cred); + /* Export *cred to a token, then release *cred and replace it by re-importing * the token. */ void export_import_cred(gss_cred_id_t *cred); diff --git a/src/tests/gssapi/deps b/src/tests/gssapi/deps index 55586de53..ca1d6e22a 100644 --- a/src/tests/gssapi/deps +++ b/src/tests/gssapi/deps @@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ $(OUTPRE)t_add_cred.$(OBJEXT): $(BUILDTOP)/include/gssapi/gssapi.h \ $(BUILDTOP)/include/gssapi/gssapi_ext.h $(BUILDTOP)/include/gssapi/gssapi_krb5.h \ $(BUILDTOP)/include/krb5/krb5.h $(COM_ERR_DEPS) $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5.h \ common.h t_add_cred.c +$(OUTPRE)t_bindings.$(OBJEXT): $(BUILDTOP)/include/gssapi/gssapi.h \ + $(BUILDTOP)/include/gssapi/gssapi_ext.h $(BUILDTOP)/include/gssapi/gssapi_krb5.h \ + $(BUILDTOP)/include/krb5/krb5.h $(COM_ERR_DEPS) $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5.h \ + common.h t_bindings.c $(OUTPRE)t_ccselect.$(OBJEXT): $(BUILDTOP)/include/gssapi/gssapi.h \ $(BUILDTOP)/include/gssapi/gssapi_ext.h $(BUILDTOP)/include/gssapi/gssapi_krb5.h \ $(BUILDTOP)/include/krb5/krb5.h $(COM_ERR_DEPS) $(top_srcdir)/include/krb5.h \ diff --git a/src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.c b/src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e8906715b --- /dev/null +++ b/src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.c @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +/* -*- mode: c; c-basic-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */ +/* + * Copyright (C) 2020 by Red Hat, Inc. + * All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * + * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * + * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in + * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the + * distribution. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS + * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT + * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS + * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE + * COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, + * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES + * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR + * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) + * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, + * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) + * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED + * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +#include +#include +#include + +#include "common.h" + +/* + * Establish contexts (without and with GSS_C_DCE_STYLE) with the default + * initiator name, a specified principal name as target name, initiator + * bindings, and acceptor bindings. If any call is unsuccessful, display an + * error message. Output "yes" or "no" to indicate whether the contexts were + * reported as channel-bound on the acceptor. Exit with status 0 if all + * operations are successful, or 1 if not. + * + * Usage: ./t_bindings [-s] targetname icb acb + * + * An icb or abc value of "-" will not specify channel bindings. + */ + +int +main(int argc, char *argv[]) +{ + OM_uint32 minor, flags1, flags2; + gss_name_t target_name; + gss_ctx_id_t ictx, actx; + struct gss_channel_bindings_struct icb_data = {0}, acb_data = {0}; + gss_channel_bindings_t icb = GSS_C_NO_CHANNEL_BINDINGS; + gss_channel_bindings_t acb = GSS_C_NO_CHANNEL_BINDINGS; + gss_OID_desc *mech; + + argv++; + argc--; + if (*argv != NULL && strcmp(*argv, "-s") == 0) { + mech = &mech_spnego; + argv++; + argc--; + } else { + mech = &mech_krb5; + } + + if (argc != 3) { + fprintf(stderr, "Usage: t_bindings [-s] targetname icb acb\n"); + return 1; + } + + target_name = import_name(argv[0]); + + if (strcmp(argv[1], "-") != 0) { + icb_data.application_data.length = strlen(argv[1]); + icb_data.application_data.value = argv[1]; + icb = &icb_data; + } + + if (strcmp(argv[2], "-") != 0) { + acb_data.application_data.length = strlen(argv[2]); + acb_data.application_data.value = argv[2]; + acb = &acb_data; + } + + establish_contexts_ex(mech, GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL, GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL, + target_name, 0, &ictx, &actx, icb, acb, &flags1, + NULL, NULL, NULL); + + /* Try again with GSS_C_DCE_STYLE */ + (void)gss_delete_sec_context(&minor, &ictx, NULL); + (void)gss_delete_sec_context(&minor, &actx, NULL); + + establish_contexts_ex(mech, GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL, GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL, + target_name, GSS_C_DCE_STYLE, &ictx, &actx, icb, acb, + &flags2, NULL, NULL, NULL); + assert((flags1 & GSS_C_CHANNEL_BOUND_FLAG) == + (flags2 & GSS_C_CHANNEL_BOUND_FLAG)); + printf("%s\n", (flags1 & GSS_C_CHANNEL_BOUND_FLAG) ? "yes" : "no"); + + (void)gss_delete_sec_context(&minor, &ictx, NULL); + (void)gss_delete_sec_context(&minor, &actx, NULL); + (void)gss_release_name(&minor, &target_name); + + return 0; +} diff --git a/src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.py b/src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f377977b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/tests/gssapi/t_bindings.py @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +from k5test import * + +realm = K5Realm() +server = 'p:' + realm.host_princ + +mark('krb5 channel bindings') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, '-', '-'], expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, 'a', '-'], expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, 'a', 'a'], expected_msg='yes') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, '-', 'a'], expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, 'a', 'x'], + expected_code=1, expected_msg='Incorrect channel bindings') + +mark('SPNEGO channel bindings') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, '-', '-'], expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, 'a', '-'], expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, 'a', 'a'], expected_msg='yes') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, '-', 'a'], expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, 'a', 'x'], + expected_code=1, expected_msg='Incorrect channel bindings') + +client_aware_conf = {'libdefaults': {'client_aware_channel_bindings': 'true'}} +e = realm.special_env('cb_aware', False, krb5_conf=client_aware_conf) + +mark('krb5 client_aware_channel_bindings') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, '-', '-'], env=e, expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, 'a', '-'], env=e, expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, 'a', 'a'], env=e, expected_msg='yes') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, '-', 'a'], env=e, + expected_code=1, expected_msg='Incorrect channel bindings') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', server, 'a', 'x'], env=e, + expected_code=1, expected_msg='Incorrect channel bindings') + +mark('SPNEGO client_aware_channel_bindings') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, '-', '-'], env=e, expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, 'a', '-'], env=e, expected_msg='no') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, 'a', 'a'], env=e, expected_msg='yes') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, '-', 'a'], env=e, + expected_code=1, expected_msg='Incorrect channel bindings') +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', server, 'a', 'x'], env=e, + expected_code=1, expected_msg='Incorrect channel bindings') + +success('channel bindings tests') diff --git a/src/tests/gssapi/t_negoex.py b/src/tests/gssapi/t_negoex.py index 88470d2fa..a218899c4 100644 --- a/src/tests/gssapi/t_negoex.py +++ b/src/tests/gssapi/t_negoex.py @@ -139,4 +139,11 @@ msgs = ('sending [3]AP_REQUEST', 'sending [7]CHALLENGE', 'sending [8]VERIFY', 'sending [11]CHALLENGE', 'sending [12]VERIFY', 'sending [13]VERIFY') test({'HOPS': '4', 'KEY': 'accept-always'}, expected_trace=()) +mark('channel bindings') +e = realm.env.copy() +e.update({'HOPS': '1', 'GSS_INIT_BINDING': 'a', 'GSS_ACCEPT_BINDING': 'b'}) +# The test mech will verify that the bindings are communicated to the +# mech, but does not set the channel-bound flag. +realm.run(['./t_bindings', '-s', 'h:host', 'a', 'b'], env=e, expected_msg='no') + success('NegoEx tests')