1) Customize /etc/aide.conf to your liking. In particular, add
important directories and files which you would like to be
covered by integrity checks. Avoid files which are expected
to change frequently or which don't affect the safety of your
system.
2) Run "/usr/sbin/aide --init" to build the initial database.
With the default setup, that creates /var/lib/aide/aide.db.new.gz
3) Store /etc/aide.conf, /usr/sbin/aide and /var/lib/aide/aide.db.new.gz
in a secure location, e.g. on separate read-only media (such as
CD-ROM). Alternatively, keep MD5 fingerprints or GPG signatures
of those files in a secure location, so you have means to verify
that nobody modified those files.
4) Copy /var/lib/aide/aide.db.new.gz to /var/lib/aide/aide.db.gz
which is the location of the input database.
5) Run "/usr/sbin/aide --check" to check your system for inconsistencies
compared with the AIDE database. Prior to running a check manually,
ensure that the AIDE binary and database have not been modified
without your knowledge.
Caution!
With the default setup, an AIDE check is not run periodically as a
cron job. It cannot be guaranteed that the AIDE binaries, config
file and database are intact. It is not recommended that you run
automated AIDE checks without verifying AIDE yourself frequently.
In addition to that, AIDE does not implement any password or
encryption protection for its own files.
It is up to you how to put a file integrity checker to good effect
and how to set up automated checks if you think it adds a level of
safety (e.g. detecting failed/incomplete compromises or unauthorized
modification of special files). On a compromised system, the
intruder could disable the automated check. Or he could replace the
AIDE binary, config file and database easily when they are not
located on read-only media.
