lorax/docs/html/lorax.html
2018-07-20 15:51:06 -07:00

370 lines
19 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]-->
<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]-->
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Lorax &mdash; Lorax 29.10 documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/css/theme.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="genindex.html" />
<link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html" />
<link rel="next" title="livemedia-creator" href="livemedia-creator.html" />
<link rel="prev" title="Introduction to Lorax" href="intro.html" />
<script src="_static/js/modernizr.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body class="wy-body-for-nav">
<div class="wy-grid-for-nav">
<nav data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-side">
<div class="wy-side-scroll">
<div class="wy-side-nav-search">
<a href="index.html" class="icon icon-home"> Lorax
</a>
<div class="version">
29.10
</div>
<div role="search">
<form id="rtd-search-form" class="wy-form" action="search.html" method="get">
<input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search docs" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div class="wy-menu wy-menu-vertical" data-spy="affix" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
<ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="intro.html">Introduction to Lorax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="intro.html#before-lorax">Before Lorax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Lorax</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#lorax-cmdline-arguments">lorax cmdline arguments</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#quickstart">Quickstart</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#running-inside-of-mock">Running inside of mock</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#how-it-works">How it works</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#runtime-install-tmpl">runtime-install.tmpl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#runtime-postinstall-tmpl">runtime-postinstall.tmpl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#runtime-cleanup-tmpl">runtime-cleanup.tmpl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#the-squashfs-filesystem">The squashfs filesystem</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#iso-creation">iso creation</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#custom-templates">Custom Templates</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="livemedia-creator.html">livemedia-creator</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lorax-composer.html">lorax-composer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="composer-cli.html">composer-cli</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="product-images.html">Product and Updates Images</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="modules.html">src</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<section data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-content-wrap">
<nav class="wy-nav-top" aria-label="top navigation">
<i data-toggle="wy-nav-top" class="fa fa-bars"></i>
<a href="index.html">Lorax</a>
</nav>
<div class="wy-nav-content">
<div class="rst-content">
<div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation">
<ul class="wy-breadcrumbs">
<li><a href="index.html">Docs</a> &raquo;</li>
<li>Lorax</li>
<li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside">
<a href="_sources/lorax.rst.txt" rel="nofollow"> View page source</a>
</li>
</ul>
<hr/>
</div>
<div role="main" class="document" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">
<div itemprop="articleBody">
<div class="section" id="lorax">
<h1>Lorax<a class="headerlink" href="#lorax" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Authors:</th><td class="field-body">Brian C. Lane &lt;<a class="reference external" href="mailto:bcl&#37;&#52;&#48;redhat&#46;com">bcl<span>&#64;</span>redhat<span>&#46;</span>com</a>&gt;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>“I am the Lorax. I speak for the trees [and images].”</p>
<p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/rhinstaller/lorax">lorax</a> tool is used to create the
<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/rhinstaller/anaconda">Anaconda</a> installer boot.iso as
well as the basic release tree, and .treeinfo metadata file. Its dependencies
are fairly light-weight because it needs to be able to run in a mock chroot
environment. It is best to run lorax from the same release as is being targeted
because the templates may have release specific logic in them. eg. Use the
rawhide version to build the boot.iso for rawhide, along with the rawhide
repositories.</p>
<div class="section" id="lorax-cmdline-arguments">
<h2>lorax cmdline arguments<a class="headerlink" href="#lorax-cmdline-arguments" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
</div>
<div class="section" id="quickstart">
<h2>Quickstart<a class="headerlink" href="#quickstart" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Run this as root to create a boot.iso in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./results/</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">dnf</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">lorax</span>
<span class="n">setenforce</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">lorax</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">p</span> <span class="n">Fedora</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">v</span> <span class="mi">23</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">r</span> <span class="mi">23</span> \
<span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="n">http</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">//</span><span class="n">dl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fedoraproject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">org</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">pub</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">fedora</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">linux</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">releases</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">23</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Everything</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">x86_64</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">os</span><span class="o">/</span> \
<span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="n">http</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">//</span><span class="n">dl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fedoraproject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">org</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">pub</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">fedora</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">linux</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">updates</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">23</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">x86_64</span><span class="o">/</span> \
<span class="o">./</span><span class="n">results</span><span class="o">/</span>
<span class="n">setenforce</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can add your own repos with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-s</span></code> and packages with higher NVRs will
override the ones in the distribution repositories.</p>
<p>Under <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./results/</span></code> will be the release tree files: .discinfo, .treeinfo, everything that
goes onto the boot.iso, the pxeboot directory, and the boot.iso under <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./images/</span></code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="running-inside-of-mock">
<h2>Running inside of mock<a class="headerlink" href="#running-inside-of-mock" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>If you are using lorax with mock v1.3.4 or later you will need to pass
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--old-chroot</span></code> to mock. Mock now defaults to using systemd-nspawn which cannot
create the needed loop device nodes. Passing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--old-chroot</span></code> will use the old
system where <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/loop*</span></code> is setup for you.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="how-it-works">
<h2>How it works<a class="headerlink" href="#how-it-works" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Lorax uses <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/rpm-software-management/dnf">dnf</a> to install
packages into a temporary directory, sets up configuration files, it then
removes unneeded files to save space, and creates a squashfs filesystem of the
files. The iso is then built using a generic initramfs and the kernel from the
selected repositories.</p>
<p>To drive these processes Lorax uses a custom template system, based on <a class="reference external" href="http://www.makotemplates.org/">Mako
templates</a> with the addition of custom
commands (documented in <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pylorax.ltmpl.LoraxTemplateRunner</span></code>). Mako
supports <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%if/%endif</span></code> blocks as well as free-form python code inside <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&lt;%</span>
<span class="pre">%&gt;</span></code> tags and variable substitution with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">${}</span></code>. The default templates are
shipped with lorax in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/share/lorax/templates.d/99-generic/</span></code> and use the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.tmpl</span></code> extension.</p>
<div class="section" id="runtime-install-tmpl">
<h3>runtime-install.tmpl<a class="headerlink" href="#runtime-install-tmpl" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runtime-install.tmpl</span></code> template lists packages to be installed using the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">installpkg</span></code> command. This template is fairly simple, installing common packages and
architecture specific packages. It must end with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run_pkg_transaction</span></code>
command which tells dnf to download and install the packages.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="runtime-postinstall-tmpl">
<h3>runtime-postinstall.tmpl<a class="headerlink" href="#runtime-postinstall-tmpl" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runtime-postinstall.tmpl</span></code> template is where the system configuration
happens. The installer environment is similar to a normal running system, but
needs some special handling. Configuration files are setup, systemd is told to
start the anaconda.target instead of a default system target, and a number of
unneeded services are disabled, some of which can interfere with the
installation. A number of template commands are used here:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">append</span></code> to add text to a file.</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chmod</span></code> changes the files mode.</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">install</span></code> to install a file into the installroot.</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mkdir</span></code> makes a new directory.</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">move</span></code> to move a file into the installroot</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">replace</span></code> does text substitution in a file</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">remove</span></code> deletes a file</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runcmd</span></code> run arbitrary commands.</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">symlink</span></code> creates a symlink</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">systemctl</span></code> runs systemctl in the installroot</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="runtime-cleanup-tmpl">
<h3>runtime-cleanup.tmpl<a class="headerlink" href="#runtime-cleanup-tmpl" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runtime-cleanup.tmpl</span></code> template is used to remove files that arent strictly needed
by the installation environment. In addition to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">remove</span></code> template command it uses:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">removepkg</span></code>
remove all of a specific packages contents. A package may be pulled in as a dependency, but
not really used. eg. sound support.</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">removefrom</span></code>
Removes some files from a package. A file glob can be used, or the allbut option to
remove everything except a select few.</li>
<li><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">removekmod</span></code>
Removes kernel modules</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="the-squashfs-filesystem">
<h3>The squashfs filesystem<a class="headerlink" href="#the-squashfs-filesystem" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>After <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runtime-*.tmpl</span></code> templates have finished their work lorax creates an
empty ext4 filesystem, copies the remaining files to it, and makes a squashfs
filesystem of it. This file is the / of the boot.isos installer environment
and is what is in the LiveOS/squashfs.img file on the iso.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="iso-creation">
<h3>iso creation<a class="headerlink" href="#iso-creation" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>The iso creation is handled by another set of templates. The one used depends
on the architecture that the iso is being created for. They are also stored in
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/share/lorax/templates.d/99-generic</span></code> and are named after the arch, like
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x86.tmpl</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aarch64.tmpl</span></code>. They handle creation of the tree, copying
configuration template files, configuration variable substitution, treeinfo
metadata (via the <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">treeinfo</span></code>
template command). Kernel and initrd are copied from the installroot to their
final locations and then mkisofs is run to create the boot.iso</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="custom-templates">
<h2>Custom Templates<a class="headerlink" href="#custom-templates" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>The default set of templates and configuration files from the lorax-generic-templates package
are shipped in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/share/lorax/templates.d/99-generic/</span></code> directory. You can
make a copy of them and place them into another directory under <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">templates.d</span></code>
and they will be used instead if their sort order is below all other directories. This
allows multiple packages to ship lorax templates without conflict. You can (and probably
should) select the specific template directory by passing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--sharedir</span></code> to lorax.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation">
<a href="livemedia-creator.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="livemedia-creator" accesskey="n" rel="next">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a>
<a href="intro.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Introduction to Lorax" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a>
</div>
<hr/>
<div role="contentinfo">
<p>
&copy; Copyright 2018, Red Hat, Inc..
</p>
</div>
Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/rtfd/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>.
</footer>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
URL_ROOT:'./',
VERSION:'29.10',
LANGUAGE:'None',
COLLAPSE_INDEX:false,
FILE_SUFFIX:'.html',
HAS_SOURCE: true,
SOURCELINK_SUFFIX: '.txt'
};
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/js/theme.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
jQuery(function () {
SphinxRtdTheme.Navigation.enable(true);
});
</script>
</body>
</html>